ZenToks Publication

Chapter 11

Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis: Current Diagnosis and Management

Abstract/Preface

Acute acalculous cholecystitis is defined by the inflammation of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. This condition is predominantly observed in elderly and critically ill patients. The etiology is diverse, encompassing infective, inflammatory, traumatic, and connective tissue disorders. Acute acalculous cholecystitis is associated with an elevated risk of complications, such as gangrene and perforation. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations lack sensitivity for diagnosing acute acalculous cholecystitis. Ultrasonography serves as the primary imaging modality for diagnosis, followed by cholescintigraphy. The management of acute acalculous cholecystitis is categorized into cholecystectomy and percutaneous cholecystostomy. In this chapter, we will examine the risk factors, diagnostic investigations, and treatment strategies for acute acalculous cholecystitis.